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Breast Cancer

The surgical expertise of surgeons here at CUSP is uncompromising to the health of all our patients

Cancer Surgeon

Breast cancer is the most common invasive cancer in women, and the second main cause of cancer death in women, after lung cancer.

Awareness of the symptoms and the need for screening are important ways of reducing the risk.

FACTS ABOUT BREAST CANCER

Breast Cancer is a malignant tumour specific to the human breast. It is the result of an atypical growth of cells in the breast that can metastasize to other body parts, causing a systematic breakdown of body processes and fatality. Lately, we have seen a surge in breast cancer cases in India and worldwide. As per National Cancer Registry Programme, 25% to 32% of all female cancers in the leading Indian urban centres are related to breast cancer. Though females are the prime victim of breast cancer, males can also develop the malignancy. The origin of breast cancer is shrouded in mystery. However, there are certain risk factors specific to the condition, such as ageing, heredity, genes, radiation exposure, obesity, delayed pregnancy and alcohol.

BREAST CANCER SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS

The prominent symptoms and signs of breast cancer may include, but not limited to:

  • Formation of a thick piece of mass (lump) in the infected breast or just below the armpit
  • Constant pain in the infected region, ranging from mild to severe
  • The breast skin developing pits and redness
  • The infected nipple(s) carrying rashes
  • Blood discharge from the nipple of the infected breast
  • A deep-set or upturned nipple
  • A drastic anomaly in the breast shape or size
  • The skin of the nipple with effects like peeling, flaking or scaling
  • It is worth mentioning that the majority of lumps are benign. However, a regular check-up is always advised, as the chances of successful breast cancer treatment amplify with an early detection.

BREAST CANCER TREATMENT

  • Digital Mammography
  • Digital Tomosynthesis
  • MR Mammography
  • Scintimammography
  • PET MRI

INTERVENTIONAL advancements are used for establishing diagnosis wherever indicated

They are as of:

  • Stereotactic wire localization and guided biopsy
  • MRI Guided biopsy
  • Ultrasound Guided wire localization
  • Sentinel node biopsy and
  • Vacuum assisted biopsy – Scarless surgery of breast lump

BREAST CANCER STAGES

Though a variety of staging methods are in use, generally breast cancer is spread out in five stages, each of which is characterised by the size and outreach of the tumour. The oncologist often determines the stages by subjecting the patient to a series of specialised physical exams, X-rays, biopsies, bone scans and blood tests.

Initial stage: The primary stage of breast cancer is also medically referred to as Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS). Here, the malignant cells are restricted within the duct and yet to come in contact with the surrounding tissues.

Stage 1: This stage is characterised by the abnormal growth of malignant cells. The tumour size is about 2 cm and the lymph nodes are not infected as yet.

Stage 2: Herein, the tumour gains size and outreach. The surrounding lymph nodes come in contact with the infected cells.

Stage 3: In the onset of this stage, the tumour gains mass and may become as big as 5 cm across. The threat of infected lymph nodes is maximized.

Stage 4: The final stage is characterised by the metastasis of malignant tissues. Cancer spreads to distant organs, among which the prime recipients are brain, liver, bones and lungs.

It is critical to profoundly understand what really matters to patients when it comes to disease management and treatment expectations.

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